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Methods & frameworks

Transparent methods. Decision-ready evidence.

We select the analytical method that best fits the question, available evidence and decision context—then communicate results with clarity about assumptions, uncertainty and limitations.

Approach

How we structure complex economic questions.

1. Define the decision and counterfactual

Clarify the decision, alternatives, baseline and consequences that matter.

2. Build an evidence framework

Map data, assumptions, causal pathways, risks and stakeholder impacts.

3. Select the appropriate method

Use SCBA, CGE, econometrics, impact assessment or a combined approach according to the question.

4. Test uncertainty

Apply sensitivity, scenario and distributional analysis to identify what drives results.

5. Translate analysis into decisions

Present findings in concise, decision-ready language for executives and committees.

SCBA

Measures whether total social benefits exceed total social costs relative to a credible counterfactual.

CGE Modelling

Examines economy-wide adjustments, resource constraints and interactions across sectors and markets.

Economic Impact Assessment

Estimates activity generated by a project or policy without treating that activity alone as net social benefit.

Econometrics

Uses statistical evidence to estimate relationships, forecast outcomes and evaluate policy effects.

Investment Appraisal

Combines strategic rationale, economic evidence, risks and implementation considerations.

Independent Review

Tests assumptions, methods and conclusions to strengthen confidence in the decision.